Articles Our experts are active in writing standards, conducting original research, and developing new testing methodologies.

Displaying 478 Articles

Impact Attenuation Testing for Trampolines & Inflatables

By Lance Miller
Expert Article

One of the most common injuries that occurs with trampolines and inflatable amusements is for patrons to forcefully contact the ground or other rigid surfaces. The forensic investigation of these…

Child Supervision Ratios

By Elizabeth S. Rodano, Ed.D.
Expert Article

In this article, child safety and supervision expert, Elizabeth Rodano, Ed.D., discusses some of the criteria typically used to evaluate the adequacy of supervision in childcare centers, and provides…

Property Maintenance Standards for Premises Safety

By Albert J. Kerelis, Jr., AIA, NCARB, ARM
Expert Overview

This article discusses the standard of care for exterior property maintenance as it relates to premises liability disputes. Adequate maintenance should account for both preventive and unplanned…

Bollards on Retail Storefronts

By Albert J. Kerelis, Jr., AIA, NCARB, ARM
Expert Article

Vehicle crashes into retail walkways and storefronts represent a substantial hazard for pedestrians. The interplay between vehicles and pedestrians brings inherent risks that should be addressed by…

School Bus Operations

By Jeffrey A. Boesger
Expert Article

School bus drivers have specific responsibilities for protecting the safety of students and the public. In this article, Jeffrey Boesger discusses the standard of care for school bus operators as it…

Crosswalk Tripping Hazards

By Richard Tippett, P.E., T.E.
Expert Article

Crosswalk safety traditionally focuses on access within ramp areas and efforts to reduce pedestrian vs. vehicle collisions. However, slip, trip, and fall hazards also represent a substantial risk…

E-Skateboard Crash Investigations

By Benjamin Wixon, M.A.Ed.
Expert Article

The use of e-skateboards and self-balancing, single-wheel skateboards has become increasingly prevalent among both children and adults. Likewise, injuries and incidents related to this equipment have…

Biomechanics in Workplace Injury Litigation

By Carolyne I. Albert, Ph.D.
Expert Article

In 2021, 5,190 workers were killed on the job in United States.1 In the same year, 2.6 million nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses were reported in the private sector.2 Every day, workplace…

Building Information Modeling (BIM): Construction Disputes

By Mark T. Sullivan, AIA, NCARB, CDT
Expert Overview

This article provides an introduction to the basics of Building Information Modeling (BIM), design and project delivery methods and is a primer to the construction disputes found when utilizing BIM.…

Locker Room Hazing

By Gregory Kiehl, M.Ed.
Expert Article

School locker rooms are a known area of vulnerability for incidents involving hazing, bullying, harassment, or abuse between students. While schools are ultimately responsible for providing a safe…

School Athletic Equipment Safety

By Joseph A. Blackman
Expert Article

School administrators, athletic directors, and coaches have broad responsibilities for the proper management of athletic programs, including the safety of athletes. One of the most important aspects…

Playground Surface Impact Testing

By Sylvia B. Deye, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP & Theresa Kreider, Ed.D., CPSI
Expert Overview

Evaluating whether the type of surfacing material and the head impact attenuation of those fall surfacing materials were adequately safe for the height and type of playground equipment used is…

Conflict vs Bullying in Schools

By Gregory Kiehl, M.Ed.
Expert Overview

The classification of an event as either a “conflict” or an act of bullying is frequently contended in legal disputes as it impacts the way in which educators and administrators respond to…

Fall from Cellular Tower Investigation

By Edward J. Zemeck, P.E.
Expert Article

Cellular towers require frequent service calls to repair, upgrade, or install new communications equipment. They are also subject to routine inspection related to the structural integrity of the tower…

Repetitive Motion & Overexertion Injuries

By Diane Trainor, Ph.D., CHCM
Expert Article

Occupational Ergonomics is the dominant field of study that relates demands on the musculoskeletal system to the design of the workplace. Within industry, ergonomists focus on the stressors exerted on…

Previous Page 1 of 32 Next